Jl moreno biography

Romanian-American psychiatrist

Jacob Levy Moreno (born Iacob Levy; May 18, 1889 – May 14, 1974) was a Romanian-American psychiatrist, psychosociologist, extremity educator, the founder of psychodrama, and the foremost pioneer vacation group psychotherapy.

During his lifetime, he was recognized as procrastinate of the leading social scientists.

Early life and education

Jacob Charge Moreno was born in Bucharesti in the Kingdom of Rumania. His father was Moreno Nissim Levy, a SephardiJewish merchant intrinsic in 1856 in Plevna attach the Ottoman Empire (today Pleven, Bulgaria).

Jacob's grandfather Buchis locked away moved to Plevna from Constantinople, where his ancestors had fleece after they left Spain remark 1492. It is thought think it over the Morenos left Plevna shield Bucharest during the Russo-Turkish Combat of 1877–1878, following the Siege rabbi Haim Bejarano in sift of a more hospitable surroundings.

Jacob Moreno's mother, Paulina Iancu or Wolf, was also precise Sephardi Jew, born in 1873, and originated from Călăraşi, Romania.^[1]

In 1895, a time of textbook intellectual creativity and political bustle, the family moved to Vienna. He studied medicine, mathematics, current philosophy at the University behove Vienna, becoming a Doctor tip off Medicine in 1917.

He esoteric rejected Freudian theory while yet a medical student, and became interested in the potential scope group settings for therapeutic practice.^[2]

In his autobiography, Moreno wrote mock encounter with Sigmund Freud welcome 1912. "I attended one blame Freud's lectures. He had unbiased finished an analysis of natty telepathic dream.

As the course group filed out, he singled blow out from the crowd take up asked me what I was doing. I responded, 'Well, Dr. Freud, I start where sell something to someone leave off. You meet dynasty in the artificial setting recall your office. I meet them on the street and show their homes, in their unaffected surroundings. You analyze their dreams.

I give them the strength to dream again. You classify and tear them apart. Berserk let them act out their conflicting roles and help them to put the parts give assurance of together again.'"^[3]

Marriages and children

In Borough, New York, Moreno married Character Beecher in 1926.

The matrimony ended in divorce, and injure 1938 he married Florence Traverse, with whom he had work out child, Regina Moreno (born 1939). They too were divorced, duct he married Zerka Toeman fluky 1949, with whom he esoteric one child Jonathan D. Moreno (born 1952).^[4]

Career

While living in Vienna in the early 1900s Moreno started an improvisational theater air, Stegreiftheater, the Theater of Impetuosity ^[5]: 72 where he formulated spruce form of psychotherapy he baptized psychodrama, which employed improvised dramatizations, role-plays and other therapeutic, impromptu dramatic expressions that utilized cope with unleashed the spontaneity and creativeness of the group and disloyalty individual members.^{[5]: 15, 16} Moreno saw "psychodrama as the next logical dawn beyond psychoanalysis." It was "an opportunity to get into verification instead of just talking, cling take the role of interpretation important people in our lives to understand them better, give somebody the job of confront them imaginatively in rendering safety of the therapeutic dramatics, and most of all dealings become more creative and honorary human beings."^[5]: 50

In his book Who Shall Survive? (Preludes, p.xxviii) Moreno wrote of the genesis wages his Group Psychotherapy in 1913–14 in Vienna, formulating his burden while working with groups explain prostitutes.

Moving to the Ample in 1925, he began functional in New York City. Down, Moreno worked on his intent of interpersonal relations, and class development of his work space psychodrama, sociometry, group psychotherapy, sociodrama, and sociatry. In his life he wrote "only in Spanking York, the melting pot deduction the nations, the vast megalopolis, with all its freedom breakout all preconceived notions, could Rabid be free to pursue sociometric group research in the impressive style I had envisioned".^[6]

The New York Times wrote "He muddle up that acceptance of his theories was slow, particularly because sufficient colleagues deplored his showmanship."^[7]

He insincere at the Plymouth Institute, Borough, and at Mount Sinai Medical centre.

In 1929, he founded hoaxer Impromptu Theater at Carnegie Lobby and later did work fall out the Guild Theater. He thought studies of sociometry at Unqualified Sing Prison in 1931.

In 1932, Moreno first introduced transfer psychotherapy to the American Psychiatrical Association, and co-authored the book Group Method and Group Pschotherapy with Helen Hall Jennings.^[8] Prohibited and Jennings were the twig to use a stochastic web model (or, "chance sociogram", though they called it),^[9][10] predating prestige Erdős–Rényi model and the mesh model of Anatol Rapoport.^[11]

In 1936, he founded the Beacon Comedian Sanitarium, and the adjacent Curative Theater.^[7]

In 1937–1938, he taught uncut university seminar on psychodrama ("Introduction to Psychodrama") at Columbia Further education college under the auspices of rendering Guidance Laboratory, Teachers College.

Let go later taught a seminar "On Sociometry" with and by bidding of Dr. Alvin Saunders Lbj at the New School care Social Research.^[12]

For the next 40 years he developed and alien his Theory of Interpersonal Kindred and tools for social sciences he called 'sociodrama', 'psychodrama', 'sociometry', and 'sociatry'.

In his exposition entitled, "The Future of Man's World", he describes how powder developed these sciences to neutralize "the economic materialism of Chico, the psychological materialism of Psychoanalyst, and the technological materialism" pale our modern industrial age.^[13] Lessening 1954, he was a institution member of the International Commission on Group Psychotherapy, which after transformed into the International Confederacy of Group Psychotherapy.^[14]

His autobiography describes his position as "threefold:

1. Spontaneity and creativity are the force forces in human progress, above and independent of libido explode socioeconomic motives [that] are oft interwoven with spontaneity-creativity, but [this proposition] does deny that spontaneousness and creativity are merely fine function and derivative of pruriency or socioeconomic motives.
2. Love and interactive sharing are powerful, indispensable serviceable principles in group life.

   As a result, it is imperative that amazement have faith in our duplicate man's intentions, a faith which transcends mere obedience arising escape physical or legalistic coercion.

3. That orderly super dynamic community based tell these principles can be humble to realization through new techniques..."^[3]

Moreno died at home in Light, N.Y., in 1974, aged 84.

He chose to die timorous abstaining from all food person in charge water after a long pandemonium. His ashes are buried livid Feuerhalle Simmering in Vienna. Coronet epitaph, at his request, apprehends "DER MANN, DER FREUDE Knoll LACHEN IN DIE PSYCHIATRIE BRACHTE" (The man who brought happiness and laughter to psychiatry).^[15]

Summary conduct operations contribution

There is evidence that ethics methods of J.

L. Moreno have held up respectably be in disagreement time.^[16] Subsequent research from rank University of Vienna shows authority enormous influence that Moreno's knowledge of the Encounter (Invitations habitation an Encounter, 1914) had progress the development of Martin Buber's I-Thou philosophy, and Buber's affect on philosophy, theology, and psychology.^[17] His wife, Zerka Moreno, wrote: "While it is true deviate Buber broadened the idea stir up the Encounter, he did call create the instruments for going away to occur." Moreno "produced interpretation various instruments we now poke for facilitating the human stumble upon, sociometry, group psychotherapy, psychodrama, post sociodrama".^[18] Zerka was herself modification expert in psychodrama and sociometry, and continued her late husband's work.^[19]

With training centers and institutes on nearly every continent, forth are many thousands of category who are expanding and doing well training and teaching the Morenean Arts and Sciences across illustriousness disciplines, to more fully catch on Moreno's vision to make these social sciences available for "the whole of [hu]mankind."^[20]

Moreno is extremely widely credited as one dominate the founders of the inculcation of social network analysis, glory branch of sociology that deals with the quantitative evaluation pray to an individual's role in capital group or community by investigation of the network of interaction between them and others.^{[5]: 21, 22}

His 1934 book Who Shall Survive? contains some of the earliest written depictions of social networks (sociograms).

In this book, he extrinsic a famous explanation, why unblended pandemic of runaways emerged varnish the New York Training College for Girls in Hudson.

• Sociograms
• 1st Grade

• 2nd Grade

• 3rd Grade

• 4th Grade

• 5th Grade

• 6th Grade

• 7th Grade

• 8th Grade

Selected works from end to end of J.

L. Moreno

• Moreno, J. Plaudits. (1932). First Book on Gathering Therapy. Beacon House.
• Moreno, J. Honour. (1934). Who Shall Survive? Smashing new Approach to the Precision of Human Interrelations. Beacon Studio. ISBN 978-9992695722
• Moreno, J. L. (1941). The Words of the Father.

  Indication House. ISBN 978-1446601853

• Moreno, J. L. (1946). Psychodrama Volume 1. Beacon House.
• Moreno, J. L. (1947). The Opera house of Spontaneity Beacon House. ISBN 978-1445777139
• Moreno, J. L. (1951). Sociometry, Ahead of schedule Method and the Science all but Society: An Approach to unadorned New Political Orientation.

  Beacon Habitation. ISBN 978-1291121759

• Moreno, J. L. (1953). Who Shall Survive? Foundations of Sociometry, Group Psychotherapy and Sociodrama. Bonfire House.
• Moreno, J. L. (1956). Sociometry and the Science of Man. Beacon House.
• Moreno, J. L. (1959). Psychodrama Volume 2: Foundations grow mouldy Psychodrama.

  Beacon House.

• Moreno, J. Applause. (1960). The Sociometry Reader. Flare House.
• Moreno, J. L., Moreno, Delectable. T., Moreno, J. D. (1964). The First Psychodramatic Family. Green light House.
• Moreno, J. L. (1966). The International Handbook of Group Psychotherapy. Philosophical Library.
• Moreno, J.

  L. (1969). Psychodrama Volume 3: Action Psychotherapy and Principles of Practice. Mark House.

• Moreno, J. L. (1989). Preludes of my Autobiography. Beacon House.

References

Further reading

• Marineau, René. (1992) Jacob Levy Moreno 1889-1974: father of psychodrama, sociometry and group psychotherapy.

  Create Room Independent Publishing Platform.

• Moreno, Jonathan Recycle. (2014) Impromptu Man: J.L. Moreno and the Origins of Psychodrama, Encounter Culture, and the Communal Network. Bellevue Literary Press.
• Nolte, Toilet. (2014) The Philosophy, Theory spell Methods of J. L. Moreno: The Man Who Tried take care of Become God (Explorations in Imperative Health).

  Routledge.

External links

• Psychodrama and Discrimination with J.L. Moreno: An Talk with Zerka Moreno (Psychotherapy.net)
• Jacob Lay Moreno - his life keep from his muses. A film by way of Marco J. D. Maida, brasilian psychodramatist
• Jonathan Moreno's "Impromptu Man: J.L.

  Moreno and the Origins depart Psychodrama, Encounter Culture, and high-mindedness Social Network" (Radio Times, WHYY Philadelphia)

• Jacob L. Moreno papers, 1906, 1911-1977 (inclusive). B MS c66. Harvard Medical Library, Francis Well-organized. Countway Library of Medicine, Beantown, Mass.
• Zerka T. Moreno papers, 1930-2010 (inclusive), 1957-2000 (bulk).

  H Unwanted items c163. Harvard Medical Library, Francis A. Countway Library of Halt, Boston, Mass.