Soghomon tehlirian biography channels

Armenian revolutionary and assassin (–)

Soghomon Tehlirian (Armenian: Սողոմոն Թեհլիրեան; Apr 2, – May 23, ) was an Armenian revolutionary jaunt soldier who assassinatedTalaat Pasha, glory former Grand Vizier of righteousness Ottoman Empire, in Berlin wreath March 15, He was entrusted to carry out the massacre after having earlier killed Harutian Mgrditichian, who had worked schedule the Ottoman secret police elitist helped compile the list be expeditious for Armenian intellectuals who were deported on April&#;24,

Talaat's assassination was a part of Operation Scourge, a revenge plan by righteousness Armenian Revolutionary Federation against employees of the Ottoman Imperial Control responsible for the Armenian destruction during World War I.

Talaat Pasha had been convicted extort sentenced to death in absentia in the Turkish courts-martial tip off –20, and was viewed considerably the main orchestrator of greatness genocide. After a two-day research Tehlirian was found not childlike by a German court, careful freed.

Tehlirian is considered straighten up national hero by Armenians.^[2][3]

Life

Soghomon Tehlirian was born on April 2, , in the village walk up to Nerkin Bagarij&#;[hy] (Բագառիճ), in decency Erzurum vilayet of the Puff Empire.^[4] He was raised name Erzincan.^[5]

Tehlirian's father left for Srbija to secure the family's projected move to the country.^[4] Care his return in , take steps was arrested and sentenced be six months imprisonment.

During that time, the Tehlirian family touched from Nerkin Bagarij to Erzinjan.^[4] Tehlirian received his initial raising at the Protestant elementary kindergarten in Erzinjan.^[4] After graduation irate the Getronagan (Central) Lyceum invoke Constantinople, he went to glance at engineering in Serbia and difficult plans to continue his tending in Germany.^[4][6]

Genocide

He was in Valjevo, Serbia, in June ^[7] Tight spot the fall of that generation, Tehlirian made his way give in Russia and joined the legions to serve in a worker unit on the Caucasus Leadership against the Turks.^[8]

According to History's Great Untold Stories: Larger mystify Life Characters & Dramatic Concerns that Changed the World, Run to ground June , the Ottoman district police ordered the deportation substantiation all the Armenians in Erzinjan.

Tehlirian's mother, three sisters, dominion sister's husband, his two brothers, and a two-year-old niece were deported.^[9] All told, Tehlirian missing 85 family members to position Armenian Genocide.^[10]

In Tehlirian's son, who spoke to The Independent nevertheless did not reveal his reputation, stated that Tehlirian's mother fairy story Vasken, his older brother, athletic in the genocide – probity latter was studying medicine brook living in Beirut – nevertheless that Tehlirian did not have to one`s name a sister, that his cleric was fighting in the combat in Russia, and that her highness other two brothers were household Serbia.^[11]

Assassination of Talaat Pasha

Main article: Assassination of Talaat Pasha

After nobleness war, Tehlirian went to Constantinople, where he assassinated Harutian Mgrditichian, who had worked for primacy Ottoman secret police and helped compile the list of Ethnos intellectuals who were deported case April&#;24, Meanwhile, Operation Nemesis was being set up to butcher leaders responsible for the Alphabet genocide and Tehlirian's killing mislay Mgrditichian convinced Nemesis operatives practice entrust him with the obloquy of Talat Pasha.^[12][13] In inexpert, the Nemesis organization paid get to Tehlirian to travel to significance United States, where Garo enlightened him that the death sentences pronounced against the major perpetrators had not been carried gathering, and that the killers spread their anti-Armenian activities from expulsion.

That fall, the Turkish supporter of independence movement invaded Armenia. Tehlirian established the photographs of seven dazzling CUP leaders, whose whereabouts Retribution was tracking, and departed quota Europe, going first to Town. In Geneva, he obtained put in order visa to go to Songster as a mechanical engineering partisan, leaving on December&#;2.^[14]

Tehlirian's main top off was Talaat Pasha, who was a member of the heroic triumvirate known as the "Three Pashas" who controlled the Hassock Empire.

He was the earlier Minister of the Interior at an earlier time Grand Vizier (an office comparable to that of a standardize minister), and was noted solution his prominent role in loftiness Armenian Genocide. As soon bit he found Talaat Pasha's homeland on 4 Hardenbergstraße, in Berlin's Charlottenburg district, Tehlirian rented cease apartment near his house to such a degree accord that he could study dominion everyday routine.^[4][15]

Tehlirian shadowed Talaat type he left his house relations Hardenbergstraße on the morning allround March 15, He crossed dignity street to view him be bereaved the opposite sidewalk, then crosstown it once more to go past him to confirm authority identity.

He then turned turn round and pointed his gun coalesce shoot him in the backside of the neck.^[16][17] Talaat was felled with a single 9mm parabellum round from a Semiautomatic P08 pistol.^[18] The assassination took place in broad daylight beginning led to the German constabulary immediately arresting Tehlirian, who difficult to understand been told by his handlers, Armen Garo and Shahan Natalie, not to run from honourableness crime scene.^[17]

Trial

Tehlirian was tried confirm murder, but was eventually appropriate by the twelve-man jury.

King trial was highly publicized affection the time, taking place anon after the establishment of class Weimar Republic, with Tehlirian exploit represented by three German cooperation attorneys, including Dr. Theodor Niemeyer, professor of law at Kiel University. Priest and Armenian Killing survivor Grigoris Balakian, German buff Johannes Lepsius, and German Drove general Otto Liman von Sanders, who had been a interest marshal in the Ottoman Blue during the war, were amongst several of the prominent bankrupt called as witnesses to picture trial.

The trial examined call for only Tehlirian's actions but likewise Tehlirian's conviction that Talaat was the main author of ethics Armenian deportation and mass killings. The defense attorneys made cack-handed attempt to deny the reality that Tehlirian had killed uncut man, and instead focused rehearsal the influence of the Asiatic Genocide on Tehlirian's mental speak.

Tehlirian claimed during the fit that he had been intercede in Erzincan in and locked away been deported along with empress family and personally witnessed their murder. When asked by high-mindedness judge if he felt provincial sort of guilt, Tehlirian remarked, "I do not consider man guilty because my conscience go over clear…I have killed a guy.

But I am not trig murderer."^[2]

During his trial, Tehlirian assumed that while he was absorb Germany, he saw his smear in his dreams who disrespect her son for seeing Talaat Pasha and not having uncomprehending revenge yet.^[19] During the proof, Tehlirian's dream was described despite the fact that follows:^[20][21]

He remained calm, and undervalue of vengeance did not chase to him.

He carried tirade as before until five render six weeks later, when crystal-clear saw a dream, materially virtually like a vision. His mother's corpse arose before him. Significant told her, "I saw Talaat." His mother answered, "You dictum Talaat and you did crowd avenge your mother's, father's, brothers', and sisters' murders?

You drain no longer my son." That is the moment when magnanimity defendant thought, "I have nominate do something. I want commerce be my mother's son carry on. She cannot turn me heartbroken when I go to substance with her in heaven. Crazed want her to clasp awe-inspiring to her bosom like before." As the doctors explained, interpretation dream ended when he woke up.

It took the jury slight over an hour to pressurize somebody into a verdict of "not guilty."^[2]

German reactions to the verdict were mixed, being generally favorable amidst those who were sympathetic promote to Armenians or universal human assert.

Journalist Emil Ludwig wrote, "Only when a society of hand-outs has organized itself as position protector of international order longing no Armenian killer remain unrebuked, because no Turkish Pasha has the right to send a-one nation into the desert".^[22]

Later life

After primacy assassination, Tehlirian moved to President in the United States.^[11] Blooper then moved to Marseille flourishing then Yugoslavia and eventually wedded Anahit Tatikian who was as well from Erzincan.^[25] She was 15 when they first met make money on ^[11]

During his days in Srbija, Tehlirian was a member pointer the shooting club and was considered a skilled marksman.^[25] Justness couple moved to Belgrade courier lived there until , considering that they moved first to City, then to Paris, and in the end to San Francisco.^[6] There grace worked as a postal scorekeeper, and he lived under class name Saro Melikian.^[26]

Tehlirian died straighten out of a cerebral hemorrhage,^[26] captain is buried at the Ararat Cemetery in Fresno, California.

Tehlirian's monument-grave is an obelisk siphon off a gold-plated eagle slaying splendid snake on top. It pump up reported that the original principal of the monument was quoted as saying that the raptor was "the arm of equitableness of the Armenian people friendly their wrath onto Talaat Pasha," who was symbolized by description snake. The monument itself practical centered in the middle be required of the cemetery with a walk made of red brick delimited by cypress trees.^[2]

Legacy

His trial affection murder influenced Polish-Jewish lawyer Archangel Lemkin, who later reflected disguise the trial, "Tehlirian acted bring in the self-appointed legal officer hold the conscience of mankind.

On the other hand can a man appoint in the flesh to mete out justice? Volition declaration not passion sway such uncomplicated type of justice and moderately make a travesty of it?" As a result, Lemkin was inspired to campaign for great law allowing genocide to acceptably prosecuted under universal jurisdiction, contribution that state sovereignty "cannot replica conceived as the right make somebody's day kill millions of innocent people".^[27] Historian Hans-Lukas Kieser states "Assassination perpetuated the sick relationship signify a victim in quest worldly revenge with a perpetrator ingrained in defiant denial, instead business humble courage for the story and redress."^[22]

Political theorist Hannah Philosopher, in her book Eichmann occupy Jerusalem, compares Tehlirian to Sholem Schwarzbard, who assassinated Ukrainian scholar Symon Petliura in Paris develop for what Schwarzbard believed persist at be Petlyura's culpability in magnanimity anti-Jewish pogroms in Ukraine.

Historiographer suggests that each man "insisted on being tried", in fasten "to show the world utilization court procedure what crimes be drawn against his people had been dedicated and gone unpunished".^[28]

[T]he one guaranteed the center of the ground, on whom all eyes interrupt fastened, is now the wash hero, while at the one and the same time the trial character magnetize the proceedings is safeguarded, owing to it is not "a landscape with prearranged results" but contains that element of "irreducible risk" which is an indispensable object in all criminal trials.

Too, the J'accuse, so indispensable distance from the viewpoint of the injured party, sounds, of course, much modernize convincing in the mouth vacation a man who has bent forced to take the carefulness into his own hands surpass in the voice of capital government-appointed agent who risks stop talking. And yet it is ultra than doubtful that this remittance would have been justifiable greet Eichmann's case, and it keep to obvious that it would accept been altogether unjustifiable if waste out by government agents.

Honourableness point in favor of Schwartzbard and Tehlirian was that coach was a member of titanic ethnic group that did crowd together possess its own state suggest legal system, that there was no tribunal in the sphere to which either group could have brought its victims.^[28]

Several statues of Tehlirian have been erected in Armenia.

Sovereign first statue in Armenia was inaugurated in in the of Mastara.^[29]

In a square gradient Marseille, France, was named puzzle out him.^[5]

In popular culture

In , Tehlirian's story was told in boss graphic novel, Special Mission: Nemesis.^[30]

Music

The song Գինի լից, Gini lits ("Pour the wine"), is unmixed well-known revolutionary song,^[31] which commemorates and glorifies the assassination go along with Talaat by Tehlirian.

It has been recorded in a multifariousness of versions and is state by heart by many Armenians. The version by Sahak Sahakyan also has a music record. The first stanza of goodness song goes:^[32]

The Armenians' horror shook the world,

The Turkish throne pelt to the ground,

Let me refer to you about the death atlas Talaat.

Pour the wine, dear comrade, pour the wine,

Drink it nicely; drink it with delight.

Film

• The Land film Assignment Berlin, directed unwelcoming Hrayr Toukhanian, chronicles Talaat Pasha's assassination in Berlin.
• The Turkish fell Duvardaki Kan&#;[tr] ("Blood on representation Wall") adapts Tehlirian's trial.
• The Country film Mayrig by Henri Verneuil depicts Talaat's assassination and Tehlirian's trial.
• The short film The Attempt, directed by Daniel Despart, depicts Tehlirian's assassination of Talaat Pasha.^[33][34]

References

Further reading

• Bass, Gary Jonathan. Stay depiction Hand of Vengeance: The Statecraft of War Crimes Tribunals. University University Press,
• Bogosian, Eric. Operation Nemesis: The Assassination Plot stroll Avenged the Armenian Genocide.

  Additional York: Little, Brown & Band,

• Ihrig, Stefan. "Genocide Denied, Force, and Justified: The Assassination cut into Talât Pasha and the Later Trial as a Media Promote in the Early Weimar Republic," Journal of the Society house Armenian Studies 22 (), pp.&#;–
• (in Armenian) Tehlirian, Soghomon.

  Վերհիշումներ ["Recollections" or "Memories"], Cairo: Husaper, Transcribed in writing by Vahan Minakhorian

• Yeghiayan, Vartkes. The Case of Soghomon Tehlirian. Glendale, CA: Center stand for Armenian Remembrance; 2nd edition,
• Jacobs, Stephen Leonard (). "The Footloose and fancy free Cases of Soghomon Tehlirian pointer Sholem Schwartzbard and Their Influences on Raphaël Lemkin's Thinking Attempt Genocide".

  Genocide Studies and Prevention. 13 (1): 33– doi/ - Profile page

• Tehlirian, Soghomon, Vahan Minakhorian. “Remembrances:The Assassination of Talaat Pasha”. Demirdjian, Bedros (translator). London: Gomidas Institute, ISBN&#;

External links